When Is a Colonoscopy Needed?

Symptom-based indications

• Persistent change in bowel habit
• Unexplained rectal bleeding
• Iron-deficiency anaemia of unclear cause
• Persistent abdominal pain or unintentional weight loss

Screening indications

Screening is generally considered from a defined age threshold for average-risk adults, and earlier in those with a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps. The clinician individualises the schedule.

What to expect

A clean bowel preparation is essential. The procedure is performed under sedation, allowing inspection of the colon and removal of polyps when needed.